• Skip to primary navigation
  • Skip to main content
  • Skip to primary sidebar
  • Skip to footer
  • Email
  • Facebook
  • LinkedIn
  • Twitter
  • YouTube

International Alliance of ALS/MND Associations

  • Members' Login
  • Contact
  • Join the Alliance
  • Donate
  • What is ALS/MND
  • Find a Member Association
  • Support for PALS & CALS
    • Fundamental Rights for People with ALS/MND and Caregivers
    • Research
      • Voice Preservation
      • Open Science
      • Expanded Access
      • Understanding ALS/MND Research
      • Improving Regulatory Pathways
      • Right to Try
      • US FDA Orphan Drug Designation
      • Unproven (Off-Label) Treatments
      • Open Label Extension
    • Advocacy
      • Advocacy Toolkit
      • Emergency Preparedness Toolkit
      • Equitable Access to Therapies
      • Recommendations for Trial Sponsors
    • Clinical Care
      • Genetic Counselling & Testing
      • Mental Health Support
      • Nursing and Symptom Management
      • Nutrition and Swallowing
      • Occupational Therapy and Activities of Daily Living
      • Physiotherapy and Mobility
      • Respiratory Care
      • Speech Therapy and Communication
      • Support for Family & Caregivers
      • Technology
      • Global Clinic Locator
    • Drugs in Development
      • AB Science – Masitinib
      • BrainStorm Cell Therapeutics – NurOwn
      • Clene Nanomedicine – CNM-Au8
      • Collaborative Medicinal Development – CuATSM
      • ILB – Tikomed
      • Kadimastem – AstroRx
      • Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma America – Oral Edaravone
      • Neuronata-R/Lenzumestrocel
      • NeuroSense – PrimeC
      • Neuvivo – NP001
      • Prilenia Therapeutics – Pridopidine
      • SOD1 Therapies & Trials
      • T Regulatory Cell Therapies
      • Ulefnersen – Ionis Pharmaceuticals
    • Approved Drugs
      • Nuedexta
      • Radicava/Edaravone
      • Riluzole/Tiglutik
      • Rozebalamin/Methylcobalamin
      • Tofersen/Qalsody
    • Drugs No Longer in Development
      • Amylyx – AMX0035
      • Collaborative Medicinal Development – CuATSM
      • Cytokinetics – Reldesemtiv
      • Orphazyme – Arimoclomol
      • TUDCA Trial
  • Support for Health Professionals
    • Breaking the News in ALS/MND
    • Diagnostic Delay (in development)
  • Events/Programs
    • Calendar of Events/Programs
    • Alliance Meeting
    • Allied Professionals Forum
    • Alliance Webinars
    • ALS/MND Connect
    • Global Day Calendar
    • March of Faces
    • Patient Fellows Program
    • Global CRLI
    • International Symposium
  • About
    • Who We Are
    • ALS/MND Health Literacy Map
    • Board of Trustees
    • Advisory Councils/Committees
      • Scientific Advisory Council
      • PALS and CALS Advisory Council
      • Innovation and Technology Council
      • Advocacy and Public Policy Forum
      • Research Directors Forum
      • Governance Committee
      • Finance Committee
    • Staff
    • History
    • Archives
      • Newsletters
      • Meetings
    • Awards
      • Forbes Norris Award
      • Humanitarian Award
      • Allied Health Professional Award
      • Student Innovation Award
  • Members
    • Member Registration
    • Forgot Password

Radicava/Edaravone

Background

Edaravone is a drug sold under the names, Radicava or Radicut. Japan, South Korea, Canada, Switzerland, China, Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia, Brazil and the United States have approved its use to treat people with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) or Motor Neuron Disease (MND).

Intravenous (IV) edaravone (Radicut) has been used in Japan since 2001 for the acute treatment of neurological symptoms related to ischemic stroke. Based on its proposed mechanism of action, a Japanese clinician suggested edaravone may be effective in treating ALS/MND. This led Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma America, the owners of Radicut, to examine this possibility in clinical trials.

Approved in:    Commercial Name:  
Australia Radicava® 
Brazil  Radicava® 
Canada  Radicava® injection 30 mg/100 mL 
Radicava Oral Suspension (ORS) 
Japan  Radicut® bag 30 mg/100 mL   

Radicut® ampule 30 mg/20 mL 

RADICUT® Oral Suspension 2.1% 
Indonesia   Radicava® IV concentrate solution for infusion 30 mg/20 mL 
Malaysia  Radicava® IV concentrate solution for infusion 30 mg/20 mL 
South Korea  Radicut® ampule 30 mg/20 mL 
Switzerland   Radicava® 30 mg/100 mL 
Radicava® oral suspension 
Thailand   Radicava® 
USA  Radicava® 30 mg/100 mL 
Radicava Oral Suspension (ORS) 

Proposed Mechanism of Action

Several studies have shown that edaravone may act as a free-radical scavenger (or antioxidant) and may protect cells from damage inflicted by oxidative stress, which is hypothesized to be one of the mechanisms causing neuronal toxicity in ALS/MND. Currently it remains unclear how edaravone may have an effect in ALS/MND and studies are ongoing. All other clinical trials using antioxidant compounds have been ineffective for treating ALS/MND to date.

Edaravone IV in Clinical Trials

Multiple clinical trials of edaravone (Radicut) in ALS/MND were conducted in Japan for more than a decade. An initial double-blind, placebo-controlled study (MC-186) demonstrated a trend towards benefit for those treated with edaravone, but this was not statistically significant. Follow up (post-hoc) analysis revealed that a subgroup of participants earlier in the disease appeared to benefit compared to those further progressed. A second double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted, enrolling only individuals with the earlier disease criteria observed to benefit in the previous study and a statistically significant benefit was observed, with a difference of 2.49 ALSFRS-r points between the active treatment and placebo groups over 24 weeks. These results led to approval of edaravone in several countries, notably by the United States FDA in 2017 as Radicava.

Since approval of IV Radicava, MT Pharma has created an oral suspension formulation, which was approved by the FDA as Radicava ORS and Health Canada as Radicava Oral Suspension in 2022. Further clinical trials demonstrated that the oral edaravone acts in an equivalent manner in the body, is safe and is well tolerated.

Another oral formulation of edaravone, TW001, was created by the company Treeway in The Netherlands. TW001, also called FAB122, was tested in a double-blind, placebo-controlled Phase 3 clinical trial across Europe, called the ADORE study, that did not demonstrate benefit versus placebo. It is unknown how comparable this form of edaravone is to the MT Pharma drug and more details are expected later in 2024. More information about the oral formulation of Radicava can be found here.

Dose and Administration

Administration of edaravone occurs as a 28-day cycle. Edaravone is administered via IV infusion of 60 mg over 60 minutes once daily for 14 days followed by 14-days of a treatment-free period, after which the cycle repeats with a change to edaravone only on 10 out of 14 days during the treatment period. RADICAVA ORS uses the same dosing regimen as RADICAVA IV and is administered orally via mouth or feeding tube with a 5mL syringe.

Reported Side Effects

Edaravone is generally safe and well tolerated at the recommended dose. Commonly reported adverse effects of edaravone IV administration include issues walking, bruising, headaches, fatigue, and constipation. Serious adverse events reported from these studies include respiratory disorders, dysphagia, pneumonia aspiration, and musculoskeletal disorders.

Edaravone should be administered and monitored under the care of a physician.

Current Status

Our understanding of edaravone as a treatment for ALS/MND is constantly evolving. There are conflicting results with some studies suggesting a small benefit while other studies show no benefit. As more information arises, the Alliance will attempt to keep this document updated with current learnings.

Disclaimer: Consult with your doctor to determine if edaravone/Radicava is an option for you. Always disclose your medical history, including any drugs, natural supplements, or herbal medicines currently being used. Your doctor will determine the right plan for your needs.

SOURCES

  • http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Abe+K+et+al.+Amyotroph+Lateral+Scler+Frontotemporal+Degener+2014%3B+15%3A+610-7  
  • https://www.thelancet.com/journals/laneur/article/PIIS1474-4422(17)30115-1/abstract  
  • https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32062193/  
  • https://www.als.org/navigating-als/living-with-als/fda-approved-drugs/edaravone#researchers  
  • https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36504406/ 
  • https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33955162/ 
  •  https://www.radicava.com/patient/understanding-radicava/#an-oral-form 

International Alliance of ALS/MND Associations
September 2024


The original language of communication is English and any translation cannot be guaranteed for accuracy of messaging.

Primary Sidebar

Approved Drugs

  • Nuedexta
  • Radicava/Edaravone
  • Riluzole/Tiglutik
  • Rozebalamin/Methylcobalamin
  • Tofersen/Qalsody

  • Imelda Arenas, ACELA, Colombia

    Imelda Arenas, ACELA, Colombia

  • Willi Klein

    Willi Klein

  • Eddy LeFrançois, Diagnosed 1992,  ALS Canada

    Eddy LeFrançois, Diagnosed 1992, ALS Canada

  • Gudjon Sigurdsson, Diagnosed 2004 , MND Association of Iceland

    Gudjon Sigurdsson, Diagnosed 2004 , MND Association of Iceland

  • Diana Fernandez, Diagnosed 2009 , Asociación ELA Argentina

    Diana Fernandez, Diagnosed 2009 , Asociación ELA Argentina

  • Juvenal Bayona Romero

    Juvenal Bayona Romero

  • Ismail Gokcek, Turkey

    Ismail Gokcek, Turkey
    ismail_gokcek_alsmnd_tr

  • Steven Gallagher, Canada

    Steven Gallagher, Canada

  • Steve

    Steve

  • Roy

    Roy
    roy

  • Len Johnrose,  MND Association,  Diagnosed 2017,  England

    Len Johnrose, MND Association, Diagnosed 2017, England

  • Tison, USA

    Tison, USA

  • Kirsty Gerlach, MND New Zealand, Diagnosed 2017

    Kirsty Gerlach, MND New Zealand, Diagnosed 2017

  • Josée Kolijn-de Man, Diagnosed 2015 , ALS Patients Connected, The Netherlands

    Josée Kolijn-de Man, Diagnosed 2015 , ALS Patients Connected, The Netherlands

  • Susan Anderson, Diagnosed 2014 , Hope Loves Company,  USA

    Susan Anderson, Diagnosed 2014 , Hope Loves Company, USA

  • Daniel Hare

    Daniel Hare

  • Peng Yi-Wen

    Peng Yi-Wen

  • Jorge Melo, ABrELA, Brazil

    Jorge Melo, ABrELA, Brazil

  • Margarita Pizarro, Asociacion ELA Argentina, Diagnosed 2017, Argentina

    Margarita Pizarro, Asociacion ELA Argentina, Diagnosed 2017, Argentina

  • Michel Perrozzo, ARSLA, Diagnosed 2015, France

    Michel Perrozzo, ARSLA, Diagnosed 2015, France

  • João Marcos Andrietta, Diagnosed 2008 , ABrELA, Brazil

    João Marcos Andrietta, Diagnosed 2008 , ABrELA, Brazil

  • Ian and Teresa Roberts

    Ian and Teresa Roberts

  • Brigitte Wernli,  Association ALS Switzerland,  Diagnosed 2014

    Brigitte Wernli, Association ALS Switzerland, Diagnosed 2014

  • Dorette Lüdi, Diagnosed 2014 , ALS Schweiz, Switzerland

    Dorette Lüdi, Diagnosed 2014 , ALS Schweiz, Switzerland

  • Greg Heydet, ALS Hope Foundation, USA

    Greg Heydet, ALS Hope Foundation, USA

  • Brian Lovell, Diagnosed 2011 . MND Australia

    Brian Lovell, Diagnosed 2011 . MND Australia

  • David Solomon, Diagnosed 2015, MND Association of England, Wales and N Ireland

    David Solomon, Diagnosed 2015, MND Association of England, Wales and N Ireland

  • Kirsten Harley,  Diagnosed 2013,  Australia

    Kirsten Harley, Diagnosed 2013, Australia

  • Rolf Mauch, Association ALS Switzerland, Diagnosed 2015

    Rolf Mauch, Association ALS Switzerland, Diagnosed 2015

  • Liong Ting Ngu, MND Malaysia, Diagnosed 2014

    Liong Ting Ngu, MND Malaysia, Diagnosed 2014

  • Sanjay Kumar Srivastava, Asha Ek Hope Foundation for ALS/MND, Diagnosed 2018, India

    Sanjay Kumar Srivastava, Asha Ek Hope Foundation for ALS/MND, Diagnosed 2018, India

  • Steven Spencer, Diagnosed 2014 , MND New Zealand

    Steven Spencer, Diagnosed 2014 , MND New Zealand

  • Ali Var, Turkey

    Ali Var, Turkey

  • Chris McCauley, Diagnosed 2015 , ALS Canada

    Chris McCauley, Diagnosed 2015 , ALS Canada

  • Francisco Perez Palop, Diagnosed 2013 , FUNDELA, Spain

    Francisco Perez Palop, Diagnosed 2013 , FUNDELA, Spain

  • Monica Soriano, Diagnosed 2011 ,  Asociación ELA , Argentina

    Monica Soriano, Diagnosed 2011 , Asociación ELA , Argentina

  • Laurie Petit-Jean, Diagnosed 2012 , ARSLA, France

    Laurie Petit-Jean, Diagnosed 2012 , ARSLA, France

  • Joyce Rusinak, Forbes Norris ALS Center, USA

    Joyce Rusinak, Forbes Norris ALS Center, USA

  • Emilienne Verhaegen, ALS Liga Belgium, Diagnosed 2014

    Emilienne Verhaegen, ALS Liga Belgium, Diagnosed 2014

  • Denis Blais, Diagnosed 2015 , ALS Canada

    Denis Blais, Diagnosed 2015 , ALS Canada

  • Maurice LeClerc, ALS Canada

    Maurice LeClerc, ALS Canada

  • David Bishop

    David Bishop

  • Nicholas (Nic) Bowman, MND Association of South Africa,  Diagnosed 2016,  Australia

    Nicholas (Nic) Bowman, MND Association of South Africa, Diagnosed 2016, Australia

  • Osiel Mendoza, Diagnosed 2016 ,  ALS Therapy Development Institute, USA

    Osiel Mendoza, Diagnosed 2016 , ALS Therapy Development Institute, USA

  • Elkin Ramiro Gaviria Muñoz, Diagnosed December 2018

    Elkin Ramiro Gaviria Muñoz, Diagnosed December 2018

  • Sally Pauls, Diagnosed 2006 , Les Turner ALS Foundation

    Sally Pauls, Diagnosed 2006 , Les Turner ALS Foundation

  • Ailsa Malcolm-Hutton, Diagnosed 2013,  MND Association of England, Wales and N Ireland

    Ailsa Malcolm-Hutton, Diagnosed 2013, MND Association of England, Wales and N Ireland

  • Jo Knowlton and her dog, Scotland

    Jo Knowlton and her dog, Scotland

  • Dr Shelly Hoover

    Dr Shelly Hoover

  • Robbie Caliste, UK

    Robbie Caliste, UK

Learn more about the March of Faces

Latest Tweets

  • Just now

Footer

Subscribe to our Bi-Monthly Newsletter

Sign up to receive updates and to hear what's going on in the International Alliance of ALS/MND Associations.

"*" indicates required fields

 
This field is for validation purposes and should be left unchanged.
  • Email
  • Facebook
  • LinkedIn
  • Twitter
  • YouTube
Return to top of page

Contact | Disclaimer | Privacy Notice & Cookies | Sitemap

Copyright © 2025 The International Alliance of ALS/MND Associations. All rights reserved.


Registered in England: Charity Number 1079504 · Site built by graphics.coop · Powered by WordPress · Members' login